Professors Journal.
Series: Russian language and literature.
№ 1 (13) 2023

Contents

Russian syntax: approaches and perspectives

• T.V. Shmeleva — Doctor of Philology, Full Professor, Professor, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University

Abstract: The article presents an idea of the prospects of Russian syntax. In particular, we are talking about a complex sentence, the possibilities of its study and description in the light of the idea of a three-dimensional statement, which was expressed by the Czech linguist Fr. Danesh. It is shown that the implementation of this idea will lead to the calculus of complex semantic structures, or semantic types of a sentence, the improvement of the description of a complex sentence in the actual aspect and the revision of its constructive aspect, to which is paid the main attention.

Key words: Russian syntax, three aspects of a sentence, a complex sentence, the technique of a complex sentence.

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Modeling as a way of making an inventory of Russian language staples

• M.I. Konyushkevich — Doctor of Philology, Full Professor, Independent Researcher, Grodno, Belarus

Abstract: The paper substantiates modelling as a way to experimentally form staples, i.e. conjunctions and isofunctional conjunctive units, from a preposition. Using the material of the preposition v glazah, the mechanism of staple formation is shown, models of staples are demonstrated, and the field structure of the microfield formed by the recieved staples has been manifested. The verification with contexts from the Russian National Corpus has been carried out, proving the diagnostic power of modelling to reveal the degree of grammaticalisation of the preposition, to predict and inventory of the Russian language staples.

Key words: preposition, conjunction, staple, modelling, grammaticalization.

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Lexico-semantic group ‘Stones of St. Petersburg’ (granite, marble, pudost stone): functioning of comparative tropes

• Daria Shchukina — Doctor of Philology, Full Professor, Professor, St. Petersburg Mining University
• Nadya Ivanova — Post-graduate student, St. Petersburg Mining University

Abstract: The lexical-semantic group «Stones of Petersburg» and its subgroups «granite», «marble» and «pudost stone» are studied. The contexts of the use of these lexemes are considered. The aim of the work is to consider and describe the peculiarities of functioning of comparative tropes subgroups of lexical-semantic group «Stones of St. Petersburg». The methods of corpus analysis and semantic field are used in the work, which allow to describe the semantics of the studied lexemes in the most detailed way. The material for the study of the lexemes «granite» and «marble» was the main subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian language, as well as online resources. The lexical-semantic group «Stones of St. Petersburg» is not singled out as a separate group in any ideographic dictionary, but there are grounds to single out the stones of St. Petersburg as a separate group. The paper identifies two subgroups of comparative tropes, in which the studied lexemes are used in their denotative meaning: «Comparisons» and «Metaphorical adjectives». A conclusion is made about the display of physical properties of stones in metaphorical expressions, which determines the conditions for the emergence of an associative series in native speakers. At the same time, metaphorical adjectives add a number of connotative meanings to the lexemes.

Key words: lexical-semantic group, lexical-semantic field, corpus analysis, comparative tropes, the semantic field method.

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Death drive in the novel by M. Stepnova ‘The Surgeon’

• Mariia V. Bochkina — Ph.D. in Philology, Independent Researcher, Moscow, Russia

Abstract: The article analyzes the images of the main characters in the light of Freud’s concept of the death drive. Two parallel storylines describing the lives of Arkady Khripunov and Hassan ibn Sabbah are connected indirectly, with the help of various motifs, for example, the living and the dead. The desire for destruction is found in the stories of both heroes, who, being subject to an inner voice or some kind of subpersonality, commit a chain of irreversible actions. At the end of the novel, both characters come to complete collapse and self-destruction. An attempt to take the place of God and subordinate life to a dead scheme ends in failure: the creations of the demiurge-creator turn against him.

Key words: modern novel, Marina Stepnova, eros and thanatos, death drive, modern Russian literature.

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Russian Language in the educational space of the CIS countries (Commonwealth of Independent States): the system of school certification levels of proficiency in the Russian language and new educational literature

• Elizaveta A. Khamraeva — Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor, Head of the Department of Linguodidactics of Russian as Foreign Language and Bilingualism, Moscow Pedagogical State University; Chief expert of RAO (Russian Academy of Education)

Abstract: The article is devoted to the description of the processes of creating new educational literature in the post-Soviet space, as well as the use of modern pedagogical technologies in teaching Russian to schoolchildren of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Kyrgyz Republic. The article touches upon the problem of identifying the requirements for certification of the achieved language and communicative levels in the secondary education systems of these countries. Russian language is also introduced in the concept of «international Russian language» as applied to the school course of the Russian language of these countries.

Key words: post-Soviet space, certification levels, world language, socio-cultural significance, pedagogical technologies, project activities.

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Methodological forecasting of difficulties in teaching the Russian language and speech culture to students from CIS countries

• Ivan A. Pugachev — Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Russian Language Department, Russian Language Institute, RUDN University
• Marina B. Budiltseva — Ph.D. in Philology, Associate Professor of the chair of Russian, Russian Language Institute, RUDN University
• Irina Yu. Varlamova — Ph.D. in Philology, Associate Professor of the chair of Russian, Russian Language Institute, RUDN University

Abstract: The article discusses scientific and methodological issues of teaching the Russian Language and Speech Culture to bilingual students from the CIS countries. The author’s concept of selection and organization of educational material in the context of ethno-linguistically oriented methodology is presented. The content and target aspects of the course aimed at Turkic-speaking students are determined. The proposed approach makes it possible to predict and eliminate typical mistakes and communicative failures in the speech of bilingual students, helps them master the rules of Russian speech etiquette, and increases the level of their speech culture in various spheres of communication.

Key words: Russian Language and Speech Culture, speech etiquette, bilingual students, comparative approach, interference.

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The V International Conference of Young Scientists ‘Space and Time in Russian Literature and Philosophy’

• Mariia Sinitsyna — Ph.D. in Philology, lecturer, Institute of Economics and Management of the Agro–Industrial Complex, Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy

Abstract: The article is devoted to the V International Conference of Young Scientists «Space and Time in Russian Literature and Philosophy» dedicated to the 90th anniversary of A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The conference was attended by scientists from Moscow institutions, including Lomonosov Moscow State University, and other Russian cities, as well as foreign colleagues from China. The material for the analysis of the spatiotemporal organization of the text was the works from ancient Russian literature to the latest Russian literature. Special attention at the theoretical and practical levels was paid to the concept of chronotope.

Key words: space, time, Russian literature, philosophy, chronotope.